https://www.grdspublishing.org/index.php/matter <div id="focusAndScope"> <p><strong>ISSN 2454-5880</strong></p> </div> Global Research & Development Services Publishing en-US MATTER: International Journal of Science and Technology 2454-5880 <p><strong>Copyright of Published Articles</strong></p> <p>Author(s) retain the article copyright and publishing rights without any restrictions.</p> <p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><img src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Creative Commons License" /></a><br />All published work is licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License</a>.</p> https://www.grdspublishing.org/index.php/matter/article/view/3079 <p><em>In alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 9 and 12, the global manufacturing industry continuously seeks productive, responsible, and sustainable solutions. In this context, the electrical discharge machine has shown strong potential for processing materials with low machinability, such as superalloys and conductive ceramic-based materials, due to its ability to remove material without tribological contact. Among these, cemented carbide stands out for its high wear resistance, consisting of tungsten particles in a non-oxide ceramic phase (WC) bonded by a metallic phase (Co), resulting in elevated hardness and mechanical strength at high temperatures. However, literature presents limited studies on the WEDM of such materials using a reciprocating molybdenum wire, and even fewer when considering the influence of different dielectrics. This study aims to evaluate the behavior of deionized water and hydrocarbon-based dielectrics in the WEDM of WC-Co, focusing on their effects on process performance and surface integrity. Five levels of lateral infeed (Δy) were tested under constant discharge energy and fixed machining parameters. The results demonstrated that increasing the lateral infeed led to a reduction in material removal rate. The hydrocarbon dielectric achieved the highest wire feed rate at Δy = 100%, resulting in an 88.5% increase. Conversely, when Δy was reduced, deionized water yielded superior productivity, with a 53.5% improvement. Additionally, surface texture analysis showed a reduction in average roughness (Sa), indicating greater process stability and reduced morphological distortion with deionized water at Δy = 10%, representing a 10.3% improvement over the hydrocarbon-based dielectric. Future work will explore the effects of the recast layer on distinct grade discharge energies to optimize performance across broader machining conditions.</em></p> Giovani Conrado Carlini Cristiano da Silva Rodrigo Blödorn Fred Lacerda Amorim Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2026-03-06 2026-03-06 01 12 10.20319/stra.2026.0112 https://www.grdspublishing.org/index.php/matter/article/view/3090 <p><em>Tunnel excavation induces stress redistribution and deformation in the surrounding soil, weakening the lateral bearing capacity of adjacent piles and potentially resulting in engineering failures. Therefore, accurately evaluating the mechanism of lateral pile-soil interaction induced by tunnelling is important. This study numerically investigated the pile-soil interaction p-y curves of a pile adjacent to tunnelling in sand, clarifying the evolution mechanisms of the passive-side (away from the tunnel), the active-side (adjacent to the tunnel), and the resultant p-y curves, and examining the effects of excavation parameters on the evolution of p-y curves. The results showed that the evolution of the passive pile p-y curves can be divided into two stages: the excavation-induced unloading stage and the pile-soil deformation stage. Both the passive-side and active-side p-y curves evolved synchronously: both the resultant and passive-side soil forces initially increased and subsequently decreased with increasing lateral pile displacement, whereas the active-side soil resistance initially decreased and then increased. During tunnelling, the peak resultant and passive-side soil forces increased and then decreased, while the active-side soil resistance initially decreased and subsequently increased, with all reaching their respective extreme values when the tunnel face reached the pile’s centreline. Moreover, both the passive-side soil force and active-side soil resistance exhibited opposite trends in response to changes in tunnel diameter, volume loss, tunnelling speed, and the pile-tunnel distance, but exhibited similar trends in response to changes in cover depth and pile diameter.</em></p> Mingqun Zhu Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2026-03-16 2026-03-16 13 14 10.20319/stra.2026.1314